![]() Vowels have special importance in speech acoustics and are realized as practical representations of general speech. The communication between the oral and nasal cavities lowers the intraoral air pressure, which is required for speech production, and leads to hypernasal speech, nasal air emission, and reduced loudness ( Babu et al., 2020). In other words, the structure of the vocal tract is changed by the surgical operation, thereby causing vowel disarticulation. Maxillectomy surgery for cancer treatment often results in impaired speech intelligibility due to unfavorable communication between the oral and nasal cavities ( Sumita et al., 2018 Fadhil and Mumcu, 2019). The proposed adjusted settings in Praat can yield more accurate results for formant analysis of atypical speech in maxillectomy cases when the examiner cannot precisely locate the formant frequencies using the default settings or confirm analysis results obtained using CSL.ĭigital acoustic analysis is particularly important in evaluating typical and atypical speech in different contexts, including clinical assessment, research, and education. This study highlights that the default settings in Praat can be used for formant analysis in maxillectomy patients with predictable accuracy. Results: As the findings pointed out, highly positive correlations between both software were found for all acoustic features and all Praat settings.ĭiscussion: The strong correlations between the results of both CSL and Praat suggest that both programs may have similar decision strategies for atypical speech and for both sexes. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to judge the correlation between the analysis results of both programs regarding F1 and F2 and their respective formant ranges. Thirty-seven participants were enrolled in this study for formant analysis of the five Japanese vowels (a/i/u/e/o) using CSL and Praat. Methods: CSL was used as a reference to evaluate the accuracy of Praat with both the default and newly proposed adjusted settings. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if both software produced comparable results for the first two formant frequencies (F1 and F2) and their respective formant ranges obtained from the same voice samples from Japanese participants with maxillectomy defects. Although CSL is a commercial product, Praat is freely available on the internet and can be used by patients and clinicians to practice several therapy goals. For that purpose, several acoustic software packages have been used for speech evaluation, among which Computerized Speech Lab (CSL) and Praat are widely used in clinical and research contexts. Maxillofacial prosthodontists play a critical role in restoring this function so that affected patients can enjoy better lives. Introduction: Speech impairment is a common complication after surgical resection of maxillary tumors. 2Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.1Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.Ali 1,2 Yuka Sumita 1* Noriyuki Wakabayashi 1 As Praat is a free program and this script adapts to other open-source information, we hope this script will be helpful for both clinic and research.Islam E. One of the most important factors to consider when using CPP is consistency!! Below we have made available our Praat scripts to calculate CPP with and without voice detection. Using voice detection, our CPP cutoff value was 12.15 dB. We also implemented a voice detection process to select only the voiced segments of speech for analysis, as some programs use voice detection and others do not. We examined the the six CAPE-V sentences from 266 adults with and without voice disorders selected from the Perceptual Voice Qualities Database and found a cutoff CPP value of 9.52 dB. The current work in our lab replicated Murton and colleagues findings in Praat. Praat: (vowels) 14.45 dB Praat: (rainbow) 9.33 dB They found the following cutoffs to distinguish between controls and individuals with voice disorders:ĪDSV: (vowels) 11.46 dB ADSV: (rainbow) 6.11 dB Murton and colleagues (2020) also compared CPP values from ADSV and Praat on both vowels and a portion of the rainbow passage (also see Murton and Colleagues for excellent discussion on previous CPP studies). See Watts and colleagues (2017) for discussing of two popular programs used, ADSV and Praat. ![]() Although CPP offers a more ecologically valid measure of dysphonia that can be completed on running speech, it is important to acknowledge that differences in algorithm used to calculate CPP, stimuli used for analysis, and other person-related factors (e.g., fundamental frequency, sound pressure level) may impact CPP values. A lower CPP value is associated with a more dysphonic voice. ![]() Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP) is an acoustic measure of dysphonia recommended by an ASHA expert panel.
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